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Spring Design Calculator - Free Online Helical Spring Tool

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Spring Design Calculator

Design helical springs for compression and extension applications. Calculate spring rate, stress, and dimensions for optimal performance.

Spring Type

Design Requirements

N
mm
mm
mm (optional)

Spring Dimensions

mm
mm

Spring Design Guidelines

Recommended Spring Index

  • • Optimal: 5 to 9
  • • Acceptable: 4 to 12
  • • Difficult: < 4 or > 15
  • • Consider manufacturability

Safety Factors

  • • Static: 1.2 - 1.5
  • • Cyclic: 1.5 - 2.0
  • • Critical: 2.0 - 2.5
  • • Based on yield stress

How to use this calculator

🌀 How to Use This Calculator

  1. Select spring type (compression or extension)
  2. Enter working load and deflection requirements
  3. Input free length and maximum deflection
  4. Specify wire diameter, mean diameter, and coils
  5. Select material and end type
  6. Calculate to get spring rate, stress, and design verification

📐 Spring Design Formulas

Spring Rate

k = Gd⁴/(8D³n)

Where:
G = Shear modulus
d = Wire diameter
D = Mean coil diameter
n = Active coils

Shear Stress

τ = Kw × 8FD/(πd³)

Kw = Wahl factor
Kw = (4C-1)/(4C-4) + 0.615/C
C = Spring index (D/d)

🌟 Practical Examples

Example 1: Valve Spring

100N load, 10mm deflection, music wire

D=20mm, d=2.5mm, n=8 coils

Example 2: Suspension Spring

5000N load, 50mm travel, chrome vanadium

D=120mm, d=15mm, n=6 coils

Example 3: Return Spring

Extension spring, 50N preload

D=15mm, d=1.5mm, initial tension

💡 Design Tips

  • • Keep spring index C between 5-9 for best results
  • • Allow 15-20% margin on solid height
  • • Consider buckling for L/D > 4
  • • Shot peen for fatigue applications
  • • Stress relieve after coiling
  • • Use closed and ground ends for stability
  • • Account for relaxation at high temperatures

⚠️ Important Considerations

  • • Never exceed 80% of torsional yield strength
  • • Avoid resonance - check natural frequency
  • • Consider set removal for precision applications
  • • Account for tolerance stackup in assemblies
  • • Temperature affects modulus and strength
  • • Corrosion can cause premature failure
  • • Always proof test critical springs

About this calculator

Design compression and extension springs. Calculate spring rate, stress, and dimensions for helical springs.

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